2023 Union County, New Jersey Demographics | Data & Analysis
Ready-to-use reports, analytics, and visualizations covering Union County, New Jersey, including population, race, income, and more. Based on 2023 American Community Survey Estimates.
Union County, New Jersey Key Demographic Statistics (2023 Estimates)
Key demographic statistics summarized from the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: Age & Gender Distribution
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the total population of Union County, New Jersey is 572,549. The median age of the population in Union County, New Jersey is 39.1 years. The median age for males is 38.0 years, and for females it is 40.1 years.
The age distribution of the population in Union County, New Jersey by age group is as follows:
| Age Group | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Under 5 years | 6.17% |
| 5–17 years (children) | 17.37% |
| 18–24 years (young adults) | 8.25% |
| 25–34 years | 12.44% |
| 35–54 years | 27.80% |
| 55–64 years | 13.16% |
| 65 years and over (seniors) | 14.82% |
Understanding the Demographic Dependency Ratio in Union County, New Jersey
The total dependency ratio in Union County, New Jersey is 62.23. The youth dependency ratio is 38.19, and the old-age dependency ratio is 24.04. In demographic terms, the dependency ratio measures the size of the population typically not in the labor force (children under 18 and older adults 65+) relative to the working age (18-64) population. A higher ratio indicates a greater financial and social burden on the working population to support the non-working age groups.
For more detailed reports, explore the demographics for each of the most populated ZIP Codes in Union County, New Jersey, including Union (07083) (57,036), Plainfield (07060) (47,560), and Linden (07036) (45,101).
What is the Racial and Ethnic Breakdown of Union County, New Jersey?
The racial makeup and ethnic composition (racial demographics) of Union County, New Jersey is detailed below, based on the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates.
The Diversity Index for Union County, New Jersey is calculated at 70.76, suggesting a high level of racial and ethnic diversity. This index measures the probability that two people chosen at random will be from different racial or ethnic groups.
The following table provides the breakdown of the population of Union County, New Jersey by race and ethnicity:
| Racial/Ethnic Group | Percentage |
|---|---|
| White Alone (Non-Hispanic) | 36.30% |
| Hispanic or Latino (Any Race) | 34.37% |
| Black/African American Alone | 19.63% |
| Asian Alone | 5.51% |
| Two or More Races | 2.79% |
| Some Other Race Alone | 1.35% |
| American Indian and Alaska Native Alone | 0.04% |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander Alone | 0.01% |
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: Household Income Distribution
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the median household income in Union County, New Jersey over the past 12 months, adjusted for 2023 inflation, was $100,117. This figure is based on a total of 201,663 households.
The distribution of household income in Union County, New Jersey across various income brackets is as follows:
| Income Range | Percentage of Households |
|---|---|
| Less than $20,000 | 7.78% |
| $20,000 to $34,999 | 7.71% |
| $35,000 to $49,999 | 8.43% |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 13.64% |
| $75,000 to $149,999 | 29.60% |
| $150,000 or more | 32.83% |
For detailed household income distribution reports on the ZIP Codes with the highest median household income in Union County, New Jersey, explore the data for: Westfield (07090) ($212,700), Berkeley Heights (07922) ($179,006), and Summit (07901) ($177,986).
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: Property Value Distribution
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the distribution of property values for owner-occupied housing units in Union County, New Jersey is based on a total of 116,188 properties.
The property value distribution in Union County, New Jersey across various value brackets is as follows:
| Property Value Range | Percentage of Properties |
|---|---|
| Less than $25,000 | 1.16% |
| $25,000 to $49,999 | 0.61% |
| $50,000 to $99,999 | 0.52% |
| $100,000 to $199,999 | 2.49% |
| $200,000 to $499,999 | 47.40% |
| $500,000 to $999,999 | 45.09% |
| $1,000,000 or more | 2.73% |
Educational Attainment in Union County, New Jersey (2023 Data)
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the educational attainment data covers the population 25 years and older in Union County, New Jersey, totaling 390,558 individuals.
86.28% of Union County, New Jersey population has a high school diploma or higher. Furthermore, the percentage of individuals who hold a Bachelor's Degree or a higher professional/graduate degree is 38.56%.
The detailed breakdown by educational level is presented below:
| Educational Attainment Level | Percentage of Population 25+ |
|---|---|
| Less than high school graduate | 13.72% |
| High school graduate (incl. equivalency) | 26.72% |
| Some college or associate's degree | 20.99% |
| Bachelor's Degree | 22.94% |
| Graduate or professional degree | 15.62% |
What is the Health Insurance Coverage Rate in Union County, New Jersey?
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the health insurance coverage data for Union County, New Jersey shows that 12.4% of the population lacks health insurance coverage. This represents 70,526 individuals out of a total population of 569,460 people.
The uninsured rates vary significantly by age group. Young adults (18-34 years) have uninsured rates of 23.5% for males and 18.5% for females. In the 35-64 age bracket, 17.0% of males and 13.2% of females are uninsured.
Children under 18 and seniors aged 65+ generally have higher coverage rates due to public programs like Medicaid/CHIP and Medicare. In Union County, New Jersey, uninsured rates for children are 7.4% for males and 6.7% for females, while seniors have rates of 2.0% for males and 2.5% for females.
| Age Group | Male Uninsured % | Female Uninsured % |
|---|---|---|
| Under 18 | 7.4% | 6.7% |
| 18-34 years | 23.5% | 18.5% |
| 35-64 years | 17.0% | 13.2% |
| 65+ years | 2.0% | 2.5% |
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Population by Nativity and Citizenship Status
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the nativity and citizenship data for Union County, New Jersey shows that 84.0% of the population are U.S. citizens. This includes both native-born and naturalized citizens, representing 480,949 individuals out of a total population of 572,549 people.
The nativity breakdown reveals diverse origins: 64.3% were born in the United States, 1.4% were born in Puerto Rico or U.S. Island Areas, and 1.5% were born abroad of American parent(s).
Among the foreign-born population, 16.9% of the total population have become naturalized U.S. citizens (96,482 individuals), while 16.0% are non-citizens (91,600 individuals).
| Nativity/Citizenship Status | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Born in the United States | 64.3% |
| Born in Puerto Rico or U.S. Island Areas | 1.4% |
| Born abroad of American parent(s) | 1.5% |
| U.S. citizen by naturalization | 16.9% |
| Not a U.S. citizen | 16.0% |
| Total U.S. Citizens | 84.0% |
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: Means of Transportation to Work
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the commuting patterns for Union County, New Jersey show that 70.8% of workers commute by car, truck, or van. This represents 202,382 workers out of a total workforce of 285,984 people.
Public transportation usage stands at 9.6% (27,449 workers), which includes buses, subways, light rail, commuter trains, and ferries, but excludes taxicabs. Active transportation methods include walking (2.4%) and bicycling (0.2%).
12.9% of workers in Union County, New Jersey report working from home. An additional 4.2% use other means such as taxicabs, motorcycles, or other forms of transportation. These alternative commuting patterns reflect changing work arrangements and transportation preferences in the modern workforce.
| Transportation Method | Percentage | Number of Workers |
|---|---|---|
| Car, truck, or van | 70.8% | 202,382 |
| Public transportation | 9.6% | 27,449 |
| Bicycle | 0.2% | 503 |
| Walked | 2.4% | 6,766 |
| Taxicab, motorcycle, or other means | 4.2% | 12,119 |
| Worked from home | 12.9% | 36,765 |
| Total Workers | - | 285,984 |
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: Employment by Class of Worker
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, the civilian employed population aged 16 and over in Union County, New Jersey totals 293,183 workers. Of these, 154,750 (52.8%) are male and 138,433 (47.2%) are female.
The employment distribution by class of worker in Union County, New Jersey is as follows:
| Employment Class | Male Workers | Female Workers |
|---|---|---|
| Private For-Profit | 122,916 (41.9%) | 96,694 (33.0%) |
| Private Non-Profit | 6,519 (2.2%) | 12,067 (4.1%) |
| Government (All Levels) | 17,584 (6.0%) | 23,727 (8.1%) |
| • Local Government | 8,917 | 13,840 |
| • State Government | 5,668 | 7,761 |
| • Federal Government | 2,999 | 2,126 |
| Self-Employed | 7,609 (2.6%) | 5,775 (2.0%) |
Class of worker categorizes employed civilians by their employment arrangement. Private sector workers are employed by for-profit or non-profit companies. Government workers include those employed at local, state, or federal levels. Self-employed workers operate their own unincorporated businesses. Understanding the class of worker distribution provides insights into the economic structure and employment diversity of Union County, New Jersey.
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: Veterans by Period of Service
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, there are 12,426 civilian veterans aged 18 and over in Union County, New Jersey.
The largest group of veterans served during Vietnam Era Only, accounting for 4,664 veterans (37.5% of all veterans). The second-largest group served during Between Gulf War & Vietnam, with 1,903 veterans (15.3%).
The complete distribution of veterans by period of military service in Union County, New Jersey is as follows:
| Period of Service | Number of Veterans | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Vietnam Era Only (August 1964 to April 1975) | 4,664 | 37.5% |
| Between Gulf War and Vietnam Era | 1,903 | 15.3% |
| Post-9/11 Only (September 2001 or later) | 1,421 | 11.4% |
| Between Vietnam Era and Korean War | 1,343 | 10.8% |
| Gulf War Only (August 1990 to August 2001) | 1,256 | 10.1% |
| Korean War Only (July 1950 to January 1955) | 754 | 6.1% |
| World War II Only (December 1941 to December 1946) | 529 | 4.3% |
| Post-9/11 and Gulf War (August 1990 to August 2001) | 520 | 4.2% |
| Gulf War and Vietnam Era | 27 | 0.2% |
| Korean War and World War II | 9 | 0.1% |
| Total Veterans | 12,426 | 100.0% |
Period of military service categorizes veterans based on when they served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans may have served during multiple periods, including World War II (December 1941–December 1946), the Korean War (July 1950–January 1955), the Vietnam Era (August 1964–April 1975), the Gulf War (August 1990–August 2001), and Post-9/11 (September 2001 or later). Understanding veteran demographics helps communities provide appropriate services, benefits, and support to those who have served.
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: Families by Income-to-Poverty Ratio
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, there are 146,100 families in Union County, New Jersey.
Of these families, 9,001 (6.2%) live below the poverty line (income less than 100% of the federal poverty level). An additional 37,609 families (25.7%) are at or near poverty (100-199% of poverty). Meanwhile, 99,490 families (68.1%) have incomes at least twice the poverty level.
The complete distribution of families by income-to-poverty ratio in Union County, New Jersey is as follows:
| Income-to-Poverty Ratio | Number of Families | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Below 50% of Poverty | 3,541 | 2.4% |
| 50-74% of Poverty | 2,597 | 1.8% |
| 75-99% of Poverty | 2,863 | 2.0% |
| 100-124% of Poverty | 3,814 | 2.6% |
| 125-149% of Poverty | 5,012 | 3.4% |
| 150-174% of Poverty | 4,803 | 3.3% |
| 175-184% of Poverty | 1,949 | 1.3% |
| 185-199% of Poverty | 3,194 | 2.2% |
| 200-299% of Poverty | 18,837 | 12.9% |
| 300-399% of Poverty | 16,355 | 11.2% |
| 400-499% of Poverty | 15,051 | 10.3% |
| 500%+ of Poverty | 68,084 | 46.6% |
| Total Families | 146,100 | 100.0% |
Income-to-poverty ratio measures how a family's income compares to the federal poverty threshold, which varies by family size and composition. A ratio below 1.00 (100%) indicates the family lives in poverty. Ratios between 1.00 and 1.99 represent families with low incomes who may still struggle financially despite being technically above the poverty line. Families with ratios of 2.00 (200%) or higher generally have more economic security. Understanding poverty distribution helps communities allocate resources and develop programs to support families in need.
Union County, New Jersey 2023 Demographics: SNAP/Food Stamps Recipients
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) Estimates, there are 201,663 total households in Union County, New Jersey. Of these, 16,394 households (8.13%) received SNAP/Food Stamps benefits in the past 12 months.
Among SNAP-recipient households, 7,735 (47.18%) have children under 18 years, while 8,659 (52.82%) do not have children under 18 years.
Household Composition of SNAP Recipients
| Household Type | With Children Under 18 | No Children Under 18 |
|---|---|---|
| Married-Couple Family | 2,683 (16.37%) | 1,521 (9.28%) |
| Male Householder, No Spouse | 866 (5.28%) | 337 (2.06%) |
| Female Householder, No Spouse | 4,112 (25.08%) | 2,226 (13.58%) |
| Nonfamily Households | 74 (0.45%) | 4,575 (27.91%) |
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as Food Stamps, provides nutrition assistance to low-income individuals and families. The program aims to help eligible households purchase nutritious food. SNAP participation rates and household composition patterns provide important insights into economic hardship and food security challenges in Union County, New Jersey. Households with children under 18 often face greater nutritional needs, while households without children may include seniors, disabled individuals, or working adults facing economic challenges.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
The age breakdown for the population of Union County, New Jersey is detailed below, showing the percentage of the total population for each group:
| Age Group | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Under 5 years | 6.17% |
| 5–17 years (children) | 17.37% |
| 18–24 years (young adults) | 8.25% |
| 25–34 years | 12.44% |
| 35–54 years | 27.80% |
| 55–64 years | 13.16% |
| 65 years and over (seniors) | 14.82% |